DNA Extraction Essay

Much can be learned from studying an organisms desoxyribonucleic acid. The first step to doing this is extracting deoxyribonucleic acid from cells. In this experiment, you will isolate deoxyribonucleic acid from the cells of fruit. Materials (1) 10 mL Graduated Cylinder(2) 100 mL Beakers15 cm Cheesecloth1 Resealable Bag1 safety device Band (Large. Contains latex pleasewear gloves when handling if you have a latex allergy).Standing Test TubeWooden Stir StickFresh, Soft harvest (e.g., Grapes, Strawberries, Banana, etc.) ScissorsDNA Extraction SolutionIce Cold EthanolYou Must ProvideContains sodium chloride, detergent and water systemFor ice cold ethyl alcohol, store in the deep-freeze 60 minutes before use. Procedure If you have not done so, prepare the ethanol by placing it in a freezer for practical(prenominal)ly 60 minutes. Put pieces of a soft fruit into a plastic zipper bag and mash with your fist. The amount of food should be equal to the size of approximately five grapes . Use the 10 mL graduated cylinder to measure 10 mL of the DNA Extraction Solution.Transfer the solution from the cylinder to the bag with the fruit it in. Seal the bag completely. Mix well up by kneading the bag for two minutes. Create a filter by placing the center of the cheesecloth over the tattle of the rest test metro, pushing it into the tube about two inches, and securing the cheesecloth with a rubber band nearly the top of the test tube. Cut a hole in the corner of the bag and filter your descent by pouring it into the cheesecloth. You will need to keep the filtered solution which passes through the cheese cloth into the standing test tube. Rinse the 10 mL graduated cylinder, and measure five mL of ice-cold ethanol. Then, plot of ground holding the standing test tube at a 45 angle, slowly transfer the ethanol into the standing test tube with the filtered solution.The color has been enhanced by dying the fruit with a philia that glows under black light.DNA will preci pitate (come out of solution) after the ethanol has been added to the solution. Let the test tube sit undisturbed for 2 5 minutes. You should begin to bump air bubbles form at the enclosure line between the ethanol and the filtered fruit solution. Bubbles will form near the top, and you will eventually see the DNA float to the top of the ethanol. Gently insert the stir stick into the test tube. Slowly extract and lower the tip several times to spool and collect the DNA. If there is an insufficientamount of DNA available, it may not float to the top of the solution in a form that can be easily spooled or removed from the tube. However, the DNA will still be visible as vacuous/clear clusters by gently stirring the solution and pushing the clusters around the top. Post-Lab Questions What is the texture and consistency of the DNA DNA is viscous and greasy. Why did we use a coarseness in the extraction solution lavishly salt makes DNA less soluble in water. In order to dissolve, t he water needs to interact with the DNA.Since DNA is quite large, it needs to interact with lots of water for this purpose. When you add salt, the water preferentially interacts with the salt (its small, and can move around in solution easier than the DNA can). This makes it so there is less water available to interact with the DNA and it becomes less soluble. Is the DNA soluble in the aqueous solution or alcohol DNA is less soluble in an alcohol such as isopropanol than it is in water. This is because alcohols are non-polar, whereas water is polar. The polar water molecule is much better at distributing the negative commission on DNA, causing it to remain in solution. However, since alcohol is non-polar, the negatively charged molecules of DNA tend to root word together, forming clumps, which precipitate out of the alcohol solution.What else might be in the ethanol/aqueous interface How could you cancel out this When you precipitate the solution with cold ethanol 70 you would ha ve a mix of DNA, RNA and any(prenominal) soluble salts. You should be able to centrifuge again so the DNA/RNA forms a guess and drain the liquid out. Which DNA bases pair with each other How many hydrogen bonds are shared out by each pair How is information to make proteins passed on through generations Watch the following practical(prenominal) Lab demonstrating DNA Extraction. In this experiment, how do the Lysis Solution and the Salt Solution vary by escape Identify one step which was included in the Virtual Lab which was not required in the hands-on experiment. Then, identify one step which was included in the hands-on experiment, but not the virtual lab.