Austria Essay -- essays research papers fc

AustriaTable of ContentsPopulation glossinessTraditionWay of LifeVegetation and Animal LifeHistoryReligion humanitiesLanguageEducation HealthGovernmentClimateTradeResourcesagribusinessBibliographyAustria     Austria, a meek country in Central Europe famous for its gorgeousmountain scenery. The towering Alps, and the foothills stretch across thewestern, to the southern and central parts of the country. Broad green valleys, lovelymirror lakes and thick forest cover a good portion of the land. Austria with nocoastline shares its surrounded borders with Liechtenstein and Switzerland tothe west Germany and the Czech Republic to the north Hungary and Slovakia tothe east and to the south Italy and Slovenia. North-East is Vienna, Austriascapital and largest city, where about a one-fifth of the people live.Population     Austria has a population of about 7 million. Most Austrians choose tolive in the lower east areas of the country and just south of the Danube River.Also the capital and largest city, more than one and a half-million of theAustrian population lives in Vienna. Other cities with more than 100,000 peopleliving in them consist of Graz, Innsbruck, Linz, and Scuzburg.Culture     Austrians do not like being classified as Germans, Austria is basicallyGermanic in language and ethnic association. Some minorities include 40,000Croats, 70,000 Solvenes, and a small group of Hungarians (11,000) and Czechs(5,000). Most Austrians live south of the Danube River. Austrians enjoy anarray of fine foods such as a Viennese Clich otherwise known as a WienerSchnitzel, and many fine cakes and pastries. The average life expectancy formales is 72 and females 78.Traditions     In May and June Vienna hosts the Vienna Festival. This festival is acelebration of music, arts, and theater. Austrians crap a great love for music,many of the greatest composers were born and played there, many like Beethoven and other popular composers. Operas are also actually popular, and The Vienna StateOpera House is the most popular for such an activity. Festivals play animportant part of Austria. One festival takes place throughout the obligation ofTyrol, in the beginning of spring. People dress up and pretend to chase theevil spirits of winter away.Way of Life... ...nbsp   Austrias had a negative oddment of trade since 1945, Although Austriahas a large income from visitors. Austria imports transport equipment, heavymachinery, fuels, foodstuffs, and raw materials. Austria exports lumber, paper,pulp, textiles, iron, steel, electric power, and machinery.Resources     The greatest natural resources in Austria is its waterpower. "Much ofthe potential hydroelectric capacity, however, remains to be exploited" (Prodigy1994) 40% of the land is taken up by forests, which is used for timber. Themost important resources of Austria are magnesite graphite iron ore li gniteoil, and natural gas.Agriculture     "Two trends have characterized post war Austrian agriculture a declinein the portion of the labor force engaged in factory farm and a decrease in small-scale farming, with farms of less than twelve acres either disappearing or beingconsolidated." (Prodigy 1994) Some of the leading crops include barley, wheat,rye, oats, potatoes, start beets, and corn. Meat production has risen sharply,and dairy farming is more than adequate to meet national needs.

The Perfect Perfect :: essays research papers

Therefore let them be instructed by you, at least by your deeds. What does this verse mean to me? Well, what does it mean to you? How many a(prenominal) of you believe you live a life of utilisation? Perhaps you feel unqualified? Thats exactly how I felt. When I sat down and started to rally about the oratory I was going to be giving for the last year I would be in high school. I wanted it to be moving. Funny. And finally I decided that I wanted it to be about exemplary life. I felt like I had no right, no perquisite of allowing others to follow me. A mere adolescent 17 years of age, hormones off the charts, grips on reality out of the question, and virtually inexperience in the ways of the world, more or less may go so far as to call me sheltered what can I say about leading a life of example? Well, if I stick to my state of mind as an adolescent, Im obviously not going to see too much to say for at least another decade. But if I stand outside of myself, and reflect on the quo te as rational intelligent human being, youre gonna have an earful.This past year, right before Christmas, I got a job at a pizza joint no more than a 15 act drive from home. The area in which the restaurant was situated has some wealthy neighborhoods, but for the most part, the community is downtrodden. Before coming in to work, I had no knowledge of the people that worked there. I had a friend from school with whom Id be working, but he was the only person I knew. He had told me that they needed workers. I needed a job, and I got hired right on the spot. I learned some very shocking things within just a couple weeks of my employmentMy manager age 46. His oldest child? A son at the ripe young age of 31. My manager impregnated his girlfriend, of the same age, at 14. He got married at age 15 and became a father shortly after that birthday. His so called wife ran away, and so, at 16, he got divorce and proceed to raise the child alone. A girl who is one of the pizza makers is 16. S he had an abortion at 15, and is now expecting a child in late January.

Responsibility To Protect Essay -- Political Science

Since its adoption by world leaders at the World Summit in 2005, the Responsibility to Protect (herein R2P) has been hailed as a major achievement in protecting populations from genocide, war crimes, crimes against mercifulity, or ethnic cleansing that would be committed by rulers. However, some see the R2P not as an effective human right instrument for civilians protection as it appears to be another tool for imperialism. My position in this essay is that I intrust the R2P doctrine is a considerable achievement in world politics as it signals to potential perpetrators of mass atrocities that the world would no longer stand by, that will use force when necessary to protect innocent civilians. My position is articulated as follows. First, I will present the content/principles of the R2P doctrine . Second, I will point out the legal and moral melodic line underpinning the R2P, particularly its military aspect. Finally I will evoke some cases where the R2P has been critical in prote cting populations from mass killing and show the shortcoming of those who argue against the R2P.First of all, the R2P clearly states that i) the State has the primary responsibility to protect its population from heinous human rights abuses such as genocide, war crimes, crime against humanity and ethnic cleansing ii) the international community has the responsibility to assist States in fulfilling their primary responsibility as indicated in point i) and as such, it should use appropriate diplomatic, humanitarian and other peaceful means to protect populations from those crimes iii) however, when a State fails to protect its own populations or is the true perpetrator of such crimes against its populations, the international community must be prepared to ta... ...international humanitarian and human rights laws as well as international customary laws. There are convincing legal and moral arguments in favor of the use of military intervention as the last resort to protect populatio ns from actual or imminent acts of genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity or ethnic cleansing. The NATO intervention in Libya in 2011 is a good illustration of the importance of the R2P for the protection of populations from atrocities. The argument of opponents to the R2P is not convincing at all as it only covers one part of the three responsibilities of the R2P.Works Cited1. World Summit Outcome Document2. Roland Paris, R2P Is not a License for Military Recklessness, in the Centre for International Policy Studys blog (March 12, 2012), retrieved online at http//cips.uottawa.ca/r2p-is-not-a-license-for-military-recklessness/

Use of the Sun and the Moon in Rime of the Ancient Mariner Essay

Both Sun and Moon philander significant roles in this old poem, in a symbolic and supernatural way, in order to reinforce the mood that Samuel Taylor Coleridge has attempted to create in his use of old legends and superstitions. The role that the sun and moon play in this tale of cursed sailors is an old one, retold over and over the years that Coleridge adapted for his own.Although mentioned several times before, the Sun makes its first significant appearance in the seventh stanza of the second part. Before then, one will find both Sun and Moon mentioned many times purely for the readers enrichment. The ingeminate mention leads the reader to believe that it will soon become important by foreshadowing without making it of any greater appearance than mentioning it to describe the fit in the aforementioned place in the poem. Here Coleridge describes the Sun as The bloody Sun, at noon. This use of capitalizing such a common raillery as Sun only goes further to tell the reader to ke ep an eye out for something not quite right there. For those unfamiliar with old sailors traditions, they whitethorn either skip right over this passage, or read too much into it as a sign of impending doom. An old phrase arises from the news report books to describe this perfectly that reads, Red sky at night, sailors delight, Red sjy at morning, sailor take warning. When one takes a closer count at this, they might see that it describes storm patterns, but when one realises that t...

The Death Penalty Is Unfair, Inhumane, and Ineffective Essay -- anti-c

Although the Eighth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution clearly prohibits unusual and cruel punishment, the United States ultimate Court in the 1947 case of Louisiana ex rel. Frances v. Resweber ruled that the death penalty is non cruel or unusual, and it is still in practice (Hartley 1). age all the other democratic countries control already abolished the death penalty, it is still legal in most of the states. As for today, thirty-five out of fifty states have capital punishment statuses. The state of Texas had carried out slightly more than a third of all the executions in this country ( oddment penalty Progress). An issue of should or should not the death penalty be constitutional is at its rise for about three decades now, since the Supreme Court reaffirmed its acceptance of the use of capital punishment in the 1976 Gregg vs. Georgia case (Hartley 1). The arguments for and against the death penalty are strong on both sides, but the capital punishment should not be constituti onal in such a civilized and democratic country as it is the United States of America.There are many people who see the ultimate punishment as essential castigation of those who do not value a human life. Nevertheless, there is a risk of executing an innocent person. A case of Cameron Todd Willingham may be just one example. He was convicted to the capital punishment for setting a fire and thus killing his three small children. After remain on death row for 12 years, he was executed in Texas in 2004, but later rigorous scientific analysis has since shown that there was no evidence that the fire in a one-story, wood frame house in Corsicana was the result of arson, as the authorities had alleged (Herbert 1). Moreover, as Death Penalty Information Cen... ...015.http//www.amnestyusa.org/our-work/issues/death-penalty/us-death-penalty-facts/death-penalty-and-raceDeath Penalty Progress. Dallas Morning crudes, The (TX). (Dec. 2013) A14. Web. 30 Dec. 2015.Enquirer, Cincinnati. Death pen alty not a good answer to crime. National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. 27 July 2012. Web. 3 Jan. 2015. Hartley, Rogen. Capital punishment. In Schultz, David, ed. Encyclopedia of American Law. New York Facts On File, Inc., 2002. American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. Web. 30 Dec. 2015. Herbert, Bob. Innocent But Dead. New York Times 1 Sept. 2013 A29(L). InfoTrac Newspapers. Web. 3 Jan. 2015.There Is No Humane Execution. The New York Times 14 Dec. 2014 A30. Web. 4 Jan. 2015.Top 10 Pros and Cons. Should the death penalty be allowed? Death Penalty.ProCon.org. N.p., 2014. Web. 4 Jan. 2015.

The Death Penalty Is Unfair, Inhumane, and Ineffective Essay -- anti-c

Although the Eighth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution clearly prohibits unusual and cruel penalisation, the United States Supreme Court in the 1947 case of Louisiana ex rel. Frances v. Resweber govern that the final stage penalty is not cruel or unusual, and it is still in practice (Hartley 1). While all the other democratic countries have already abolished the death penalty, it is still legal in most of the states. As for today, thirty-five out of fifty states have capital punishment statuses. The state of Texas had carried out slightly to a greater extent than a third of all the executions in this country ( closing Penalty Progress). An issue of should or should not the death penalty be constitutional is at its heighten for about three decades now, since the Supreme Court reaffirmed its acceptance of the use of capital punishment in the 1976 Gregg vs. Georgia case (Hartley 1). The arguments for and against the death penalty are weapons-grade on both sides, but the capital pun ishment should not be constitutional in such a civilized and democratic country as it is the United States of America.There are many people who see the ultimate punishment as essential castigation of those who do not value a human life. Nevertheless, there is a risk of executing an innocent person. A case of Cameron Todd Willingham may be just one example. He was convicted to the capital punishment for setting a fire and thus killing his three small children. After remaining on death row for 12 years, he was put to death in Texas in 2004, but later rigorous scientific analysis has since shown that there was no evidence that the fire in a one-story, wood redact house in Corsicana was the result of arson, as the authorities had alleged (Herbert 1). Moreover, as Death Penalty Information Cen... ...015.http//www.amnestyusa.org/our-work/issues/death-penalty/us-death-penalty-facts/death-penalty-and-raceDeath Penalty Progress. Dallas Morning News, The (TX). (Dec. 2013) A14. Web. 30 Dec. 2015.Enquirer, Cincinnati. Death penalty not a good answer to crime. National Coalition to Abolish the Death Penalty. 27 July 2012. Web. 3 Jan. 2015. Hartley, Rogen. Capital punishment. In Schultz, David, ed. Encyclopedia of American Law. New York Facts On File, Inc., 2002. American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. Web. 30 Dec. 2015. Herbert, Bob. Innocent But Dead. New York Times 1 Sept. 2013 A29(L). InfoTrac Newspapers. Web. 3 Jan. 2015.There Is No forgiving Execution. The New York Times 14 Dec. 2014 A30. Web. 4 Jan. 2015.Top 10 Pros and Cons. Should the death penalty be allowed? Death Penalty.ProCon.org. N.p., 2014. Web. 4 Jan. 2015.

How Globalization Effects Third World Countries Essay

globalisation refers to the ways in which capital people, information and culture can now flow back and forth across national borders with a greater ease and greater rapidity than they had to begin with this reinvigorated phenomenon. Globalization, the growing integration of economies and societies around the human, was a word hardly used only a few years ago and now I doubt if there is a single country in the human race where b all-shapedisation isnt creation discussed. The global spread of the frontier is evidence that something truly new is happening in the world but Im not saying this new term is beneficial for all.This phenomenon has both positive and negative effects on third world countries but in the end it seems like only maven party is gaining, the rich. The poor are thus organism doubly denied their right to life first when the resources that sustain them are taken away from them in a free trade world, and then when the pollution and waste of the global econ omy are unequally and unjustly piled on them. (Global Capitalism p.128)Though globalisation has been one of the around hotly debated topics in international economics over the past few years there has been some bright sides. Rapid growth and scantiness decrement in China, India, and other countries that were poor 20 years ago, has been a positive aspect of globalisation. Another positive attribute according to Thomas l. Friedman, in his book, The Lexus and the olive Tree, is globalization increases the incentives for not making war in more ways than in any previous era in modern history.To begin, it is important to condone the meaning of The Lexus and the Olive Tree. The Lexus refers to technological advancement and growth, where the Olive Tree refers to traditional roots and stableness. The base premise of the book is the conflict between the two inwardly cultures, economies, and individuals and how it if possible, at all, to bring the two camps together. (Friedman p.31-34) But globalization has also generated significant international opposition over concerns that it has increased ine flavour and environmental degradation. The proponents of globalization cite legion(predicate) benefits to be gained by under essential countries though greater access to the goods and services that transnational companies can provide. Anti-globalization activists, on the other hand, point to galore(postnominal) examples in the reading world where globalization has robbed indigenouspopulations of traditionally held land or water rights, disrupted cultural and social values, and disturbed lifestyles.Problem StatementWhat I intend to attempt in this paper is the comparison trend of capitalist economy in the late 19th early 20th century with the trend of globalization today. Explaining that globalization of the world economy has the potential to bring both great benefit and great hardship to third world populations, but like capitalism, globalization with come forward proper checks and balances could make a runaway force, knowing no moral or ethical boundaries. Though globalization offers extensive opportunities for world large development, in my opinion this impact is not progressing evenly.I intend to prove that the richest of 225 people in the world hold back a combined wealth equal to the annual income of the poorest 47% of the worlds individuals. (Joshua Karliner) Countries that stupefy been able to integrate with other nations are seeing faster growth and reduced poverty. However, many nations have not been so fortunate, especially in developing areas. One in four individuals across the world lives in abject poverty, without access to adequate food, clean water, sanitation, essential healthcare or basic education services.This is both the principal moral issue facing the world as well as the utmost menace to the future security and stability of the planet. Many of todays problems, such as war and conflict, mass migration, and environmen tal degradation are rooted in poverty and inequality.Yet if globalization resembles early capitalism, the rise of international anti-globalization organizations is beginning to resemble the early development of trade unions in the western world. While pro-globalization forces still consider these groups to be nothing more than a collection of cranks and misfits, incapable of understanding the global economy, there is growing evidence that these groups are becoming a force to be reckoned with the process of globalization also has created alliances once thought impossible. At the Seattle protests against the World Trade Organization in 1999 and later at anti-globalization protests in Washington, DC, LosAngeles, Prague and Quebec City debt relief activists, verdure party members, health care advocates, labor leaders, development economists, religious groups and hundreds of thousands of young people marched together. (AlterNet par. 2)Interestingly, the same forces that facilitate ec onomic globalization also greatly conjure up the abilities of the anti-globalization faction to mobilize against it. Greater communication, Internet use, travel, and news dissemination allow activists around the world greater access to each other and greater knowledge of difficulties being faced in developing countries. Of particular interest is the metreliness of the broadcast of information, this sometimes allowing activists to slow or stop projects, rather than just ping them after the fact. Globalization can also put a spotlight on issues of international and local justice, giving people access to supporters that was never before available and helping to advertise problems that in earlier times would never have been picked up by the media.Thus it seems possible that while developing countries very often have governments that actively promote the most ugly aspects of globalization, or are at least powerless to prevent them, the rising tide of grass-roots activism shared out by both the developed and developing worlds may, in fact, be the beginning of an organization with the ability to curb and regulate globalization.In order to have a clear understanding of globalizations impact on third world and the developing world, it is important to understand exactly what globalization means. When discussing globalization many make the mistake of assuming that it is a merely or even primarily an economic process. However, globalization also has political and social implications.The International pecuniary Fund (IMF) sees globalization as an economic, and as a purely natural stage in human cultural and technological evolution statingEconomic globalization is a diachronic process and the result of human innovation and technological progress. It refers to the increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly done trade and financial flows. The term sometimes also refers to the fecal matter of people(labor) and knowledge (technology) across inter national borders. (IMF par. 6)The IMF also assumes that globalization, because it is a natural occurrence, is a good thing.From this point of view, the inequalities of wealth and poverty are the result of unequal globalization, and once that full globalization is reached, poorer countries will automatically benefit. The income gap between high-income and low-income countries has grown in recent decades. But it is unlawful to jump to the conclusion that globalization has caused the divergence, or that nothing can be done to improve the situation. To the contrary low-income countries havent been able to integrate with the global economy as quickly as others, partly because of their chosen policies and because of factors outside their learn.No country, least of all the poorest, can afford to remain isolated from the world economy. Every country should seek to reduce poverty. The international community should endeavor by strengthening the international financial system through trade and through aid in order to help the poorest countries integrate into the world economy, grow more rapidly, and reduce poverty. That is the way to ensure all people in all countries have access to the benefits of globalization. (IMF par. 48)Objective OverviewMy main reason for writing this paper on globalization effects on third world countries is because Im from a developing country, Grenada.Though its been many years sine I last visited my country of birth Im still very elicit in seeing this beautiful island successfully build up its economy. Also I want to be very much a cause of that development but I first needed to find out the general meaning of globalization and its effects on poverty stricken countries. As well as if globalization is helping or hindering my country as well as other developing nations.During my research Ive gained a better understanding of globalizations cause and effects. The trends of globalization, rapid technological advancements, free trade and emergen ce of trading communities present altercates to Grenadas developing economy. The Caribbean region as a whole is struggling with the reduction of international aid funds, due to relatively strong performance on the UN Human Development Index, at the same time that the regions traditionally agricultural based economies are turning to tourismfor economic growth. In my opinion this hasnt been comely for my countrys developing process.Agricultural production, primarily of bananas, cocoa, mace, and nutmeg, has historically been the largest sector of Grenadas economy, providing the majority of employment and external exchange earnings. However, between 1987 and 2000 agriculture declined from 18.7% of GDP to 9.7%. The sector was plagued by problems throughout this period, including the loss of preferential trade agreements with the EC, a mealy bug infestation that devastated crops, the collapse of a nutmeg price agreement with Indonesia, and quality control problems that halted all banana exports.For example, Critics point out that not only does the U.N. report depart from standard economic procedures like not correcting for price levels from country to country it hides numbers. Perhaps most egregiously, it compares gaps in income between the poorest and richest countries not individuals. Thus the economic circumstances of the citizens of tiny Grenada are put on a par with those of China, which has a population 12,000 times greater. Mistakes like these completely distort the record of globalization. (The Rich Get Rich and Poor Get Poorer. Right? Lets scoot Another Look.)During the months after American invasion, which was beneficial, the mass organizations were dismantled, the labor unions were reorganized, over half of all medical personnel were expelled, investment and tax codes were revised to favor foreign investment, and cooperatives and states enterprises were sold to private interests. Billboards that had inspired the population to work for justice, equality , development and national sovereignty were quickly replaced by those designed to inspire them to buy American consumer products. The quality of life for most islanders deteriorated in the period following the invasion despite infusions of American aid.This is why Im very interested in what globalization is doing for developing nations though Im living a better life here Im still concerned in the countries progress. Although Grenadas economy has been expanding, poverty is widespread. Though there is political freedom, the government is conservative and corrupt. And, in this era of neo-liberal globalization, theislands brief socialist experiment is but a fading memory.Lecture ReviewThe Era of Globalization or is fast becoming the preferred term for describing the current times. Just as the Depression, the Cold fight Era, the Space Age, and the Roaring 20s are used to describe particular periods of history globalization describes the political, economic, and cultural atmosphere of to day. (Porter par. 3)Economic globalization is a historical process, the result of human innovation and technological progress. It refers to the increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly through trade and financial flows. The term sometimes also refers to the movement of people (labor) and knowledge (technology) across international borders. (Globalization Threat or Opportunity? IMF par. 6) I didnt particularly agree with the IMFs take on Globalization but as I further researched the IMFs views I began to understand them.Global free trade has caused worldwide environmental destruction in noninterchangeable pattern. The international economy is controlled by the corporations of the North who are increasingly exploiting Third World resources for their global activities. (Global Capitalism p.113) This is exactly how I feel about Grenada. Resources are being drained but nothing is going back into the country. The Vandana Shiva, author of this particular chapter in the book, really explains how I feel about globalization in Third World countries she further discuss, It is the South that is disproportionately bearing the environmental burden of the globalised economy.Joseph E. Stiglitz states, IMF programs are typically dictated from Washington, and shaped by the short missions during which its mental faculty members pore over numbers in the finance ministries and central banks and make themselves comfortable in five-star hotels in the capitals. There is more than symbolism in this residue one cannot come to learn about, and love, a nation unless one gets out to the countryside.(Globalization and Its Discontents, p.24)He basically is saying the economist sent from the IMF should spend time in the countrys poorest areas not in the developed cities. I agree. He further says, Statistic bear out what those who travel outside the capital see in the villages of Africa, Nepal, Mindanao, or Ethiopia the gap between the poor and the rich has been g rowing, and eventhe number in absolutely poverty-living on less than a dollar a day-has increased.A question was asked of author Thomas L. Friedman in his book The Lexus and the Olive Tree by an Egyptian woman, Does globalization mean we just leave the poor to put up for themselves? he stated, After enough such conversations I realized that most Egyptians-understandably-were approaching globalization out of a combination of despair and necessity, not out of any sense of opportunity. Globalization meant adapting to a threat coming from the outside, not increasing their freedoms. I also realized that their previous ideologies-Arab nationalism, socialism, fascism or communism-while they may have made no economic sense, had a certain inspirational power.But globalism totally lacks this. When you tell a traditional society it has to streamline, downsize and get with the Internet, it is a challenge that is devoid of any redemptive or inspirational force. And that is why, for all of globa lizations obvious power to elevate living standards, it is going to be a tough, tough sell to all those millions who still say a prayer before they ride the elevator.Concluding StatementsGlobalization has the potential to bring both great benefit and great hardship to developing nations and third world populations. Like capitalism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, globalization without proper checks and balances could set about a runaway force, knowing no moral or ethical boundaries. But capitalism has been somewhat tamed by a system of checks and balances that have grown from a variety of sources, including labor unions, activists, effectual restrictions such as anti-trust laws, and such organizations as the FDA and SEC.While many people currently find globalization quite alarming due to its unregulated environment and the lack of restrictions on multi-national corporations, globalization carries within itself the very vehicle for its own regulation. Although formal inte rnational legal entities are still too weak to create lasting and enforceable legislation, the groundswell of public opinion is making itself felt. Internet use is putting activists in the developed world in direct contact with the developing world populations being most affected by globalization.Greater access to international travel allows protesters to be on hand and heard during meetings such as those of the WTO taking place in Seattle. Theexplosion of cable and online news services has made access to wide varieties of information easily available. Activists and protesters are able to reach investors, and investors are making their views heard through the buying and selling of stock.Just as runaway capitalism seemed untamable in the infancy of the labor movement, globalization now seems too monolithic an entity to ever be harnessed. It is possible, however, that the social, political, and legal results of todays anti-globalization activism may provide enough safety measures that globalization can become primarily an agent of progress for all people. Whether this will happen in time to save developing countries from being socially and culturally overwhelmed, it is too early to say.BIBLOGRAPHYPorter, Keith. What is Globalization? Globalization Issues. About.com. Nov. 2002 http//globalization.about.com/library/weekly/aa080601a.htm.World Bank. Poverty in an Age of Globalization. Oct. 2000 http//www1.worldbank.org/economicpolicy/globalization/documents /povertyglobalization.pdf.Alternet.com. Globalization Overview. Nov. 2002 http//www.alternet.org/issues/globalization.html.Countries from A to Z. Grenada. The US Invasion of Grenada (2003).http//www.atlapedia.com/online/countries/grenada.htmhttp//www.globalpolicy.org/empire/history/2003/10grenada.htmKarliner, Joshua. The Corporate Planet Ecology and Politics in the Age of Globalization. 1997. Sierra Club Books.Longworth, R.C. Globalization Survey Reveals U.S. Corporations privilege Dictatorships. GlobalExchange. org. Nov 19, 1999. http//www.globalexchange.org/economy/econ101/survey.htmlInternational Monetary Fund. Globalization Threat or Opportunity? Apr. 12, 2000. http//www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/041200.htm.Hutton, Will and Giddens, Anthony. (2000). Global Capitalism. The virgin York Press, New York2000.Stiglitz, Joseph E. (2003). Globalization and Its Discontents. W.W, Norton & Company, Inc.,500 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. ISBN 0-393-05124-2Friedman, Thomas L. (1999,2000). The Lexus and the Olive Tree. New York Farrar, StrausGiroux ISBN 0-385-49934-5Postrel, Virginia. (August 15, 2002).The Rich Get Rich and Poor Get Poorer. Right? Lets TakeAnother Look. New York Times

Create dramatic tension Essay

English Coursework- How does moth miller use Eddie to create melodramatic tension for the audience in A View From A Bridge?We could say that A View from a bridge, is a tragedy for a number of reasons. Most importantly, if we compare the work of Arthur milling machine to a Greek tragedy, we can immediately draw a parallel.In a Greek tragedy, the hero or protagonist always has a terminal blur or harmatia in his slip. This causes him to make a bad decision, or to commit an unnatural act, which then spirals into the characters peripeteia or eventual downfall. He mustiness then learn his mistake, suffer for his unnatural act and (usually) die.Another important characteristic of a Greek tragedy is the chorus. Usually a single character takes this role and is used to summarize the play, introduce new characters, and explain any action taking place.The two important things that make the chorus speaker diverse from an ordinary character are that he can speak directly with the audience, but cannot intervene at any point in the play- a reusable device for creating dramatic tension.The idea of a tragic protagonist is illustrated in A View from a bridge, using Eddie Carbone, a typical Joe Bloggs created by Miller to illustrate an ordinary person, or representative of a nation or class.Eddie is a very ordinary man, decent, hard working and charitable, a man no one could dislike. This is significant because it causes the audience to feel some(prenominal) pity and fear for the character of Eddie.However, like the protagonist of an ancient drama, he has a fatal flaw or harmatia, in the form of the lust he harbors for his niece Catherine.Eddie does not really understand his improper desire for Catherine, and thus is unable to hide it from those around him or from the audience. In him, we see this primitive impulse naked, or exposed. This explains Alfieris remark at the end of the play, when he says that Eddie allowed himself to be wholly known.It is Eddies desire for Ca therine that drives him into reservation a wrong decision. When the cousins Marco and Rodolpho arrive from Italy, and Catherine falls for Rodolpho, Eddies jealousy overboils in the form of a bad decision in this case -calling the Immigration Bureau. The consequences, both social and psychological, of this wrong action, destroy him.As Aristotle said, at best, a tragic hero would evoke pity and terror from the audience if he is neither exhaustively good nor thoroughly evil, but a mixture of both. This is a perfect combination to create dramatic tension for the audience, because as the audience is ordinary, or soulfulness like Eddie, we feel terror when we see him make a bad decision, because we know that we are capable of making a bad judgement too. frankincense we feel pity for Eddie, as his crime doesnt seem evil enough for the degree of suffering he goes through. It seems his suffering is disproportionate to his flaw.The terror matte up by the audience is greatly added to by Al fieri, the chorus speaker, who is used throughout the play to promote a sense of tragedy and inevitability, largely due to the particular that he cannot intervene. This leaves the audience powerless to watch the plot run its bloody course, linking back to the idea of inescapable fate or destiny. This makes for a powerful dramatic device, as the audience are compelled to watch what will become of Eddie, even though, deep down, we are almost certain of his untimely end.Alfieri is also important, as he helps to summarize the play, introduce new characters, and explain any action taking place. He also helps clarify the plot to the audience, and hints at underlying themes in the sojourn of the book -especially the links to justice, poverty, and tragedy. He presents the idea of justice in Sicilian communities by mentioning Yale and other gangsters, and highlights how important justice is to Italians.

My Special Someone

In every story of life and slam, there is always something untried to discover and moments to trea authorized forever. Even is life is painful and full of suffering, there is always one thing that would give us the courage to stand and front all the consequences of living love. Life is a never-ending journey. We tend to find someone that we thought that would last a life duration but sometimes, we became too ruse of loving to the extent of giving everything without anything in return that leave a result of being a martyr. However, in spite of the hardships that we soak up felt, we still run into in love again and hope that the next time we fall, our heart our fly along with our love and non fall in the ocean divergence us wounded alone.Personally, I can say that falling in love is the greatest smacking on earth. Despite of all the problems that occur in our path, it will always be fine because we knew that there is light through the eyes of our special someone. I believe t his perspective because I presently feel the same way. After all, I knew that I have found the one for me and I am truly blessed to have this woman by my status and prayed that she will stay with me for the rest of my life. Because of the real feelings that I have for her, I insufficiency to share my special someone named Shabnam.Shabnam is a very fine, loving and fondness person. She is 25% Spanish, 25% Filipino, and 50% Indian. Shabnam has a different life-story, which we only often see in the movie or television. Shabnams founder is Indian darn her fuck off is Spanish. Her male parent knew her mother in Spain where they fall in love. Their love with one another produced a child, which is Shabnam. While her mother was pregnant, her father and her mother went to India. When her father and mother got there, Shabnams mother found out that her father was already married to another woman who is also pregnant during those times.Aside from this, the family of Shabnams father does no t want Shabnams mother because she is Spanish. Eventhough this was the case, Shabnams mother accepts the situation and still pursues the birth of Shabnam but her mother and father separated. Shabnams stepmother born her stepbrother named Vishal. Her father brought Vishal to San Jose, California, USA. Ew years later, Shabnams mother died due to cancer. After her mother died, she had to live with her father but despite her father exist, she still seeks for a mother figure that would guide and take care of her. She really wanted to have a mother that is why she went to India to ask her stepmother to go to the USA to bring sustain the family together.Through this story, I realized that she is not selfish because even if she wanted to have a mother, she did not search for anything else but her stepmother whom she asked to bring the family back, which is the original family. Through this reputation of Shabnam, it really brought me to the fact of loving and taking care of her. She deserv es to be loved because she does not have any anger and selfishness even if she was lack of love and reverence coming from a mother. I was amazed and I admired her eagerness and concern of bringing back the family again after a long time. Shabnams story can be a realization to other children who build hatred towards their parents because of their parents illegitimate relationship. However, despite of this situation of Shabnam, I love and will always love her as best as I could.I started admiring Shabnam because of her smile and expressive eyes. I did not even think that she had a special family situation because she seemed to be happy always. Having a special relationship with Shabnam is amazing because she is very caring and humble. I guess despite of her family background, she remains humble and freehearted for it is the only way of showing her love to other people that should be for her mother.She is a equipoise and I am a Gemini. Based on the astrology, Libra and Gemini are c ompatible with one another. Maybe, we were meant for each other because even the astrology says that we have both found one another I to her and her to me. We have also so many things in common it is because we both have an Indian blood and though she has different blood aside from Indian blood, she was brocaded as an Indian because she lives in his father.My present relationship with Shabnam is great. We are having moments that I treasure inside my heart. I am always happy when we were together. She flip me laugh, she found my heartbeats fast, she teach me to be understanding because she understand the deeper perspective of life even if it is very hard and problematic.Having an extraordinary feeling of great love and happiness, I employ to think if getting married. I want to conjoin Shabnam because she is the one I am looking for. I know that not everything may seem to be perfect but despite of it all, I want to be with her for the rest of my life. Maybe people will think that I am too baffle and too much rushing of getting married but logically, a person do not want to miss the opportunity of having someone he/she is looking for a long time. At may age, I know what I want and I know what I feel. I am sure with this next phase of my life in case she will accept my love. Now, I do not want to lose Shabnam for she is very special to me that I never felt before.When I am alone, I used to think of my future with my Shabnam. I think of our future life, which I know will be wonderful and unbeatable. I think of our future children that Shabnam and I will love and nurture. I think of our never-ending happiness even if we are already old. I also think of Shabnam while being with me I will make her happy and contented in life. I will not leave Shabnam as long as I breathe and live.Writing this paper makes me express my love, joy and admiration to Shabnam. She opened my eyes to different perceptions of living in this kind of world. I used to live as it is before having my own world and ignoring many things but when I met Shabnam, things have change and made me become a give way person that is why I love Shabnam everyday because she was not just a beautiful person outside but also inside. Today, we are having a great time together, keeping the fire burning in our hearts with love, faithfulness, and loyalty with one another. She may not tell that she do not want to be like her mother but I know she does so I will took care of her and love her as my one and only in this whole wide world.While writing this paper, I also created a simple poem for Shabnam that shows my love and admiration to her. I want to give her this poem as a sign of my love to her that will not fade until the day I die because I love her so much.I have searched for you,A long, long time ago.I thought I would never ever met,Someone who is like you.Now youre here with me,And hope will always be.The one I admire before,Today, tomorrow and forevermore.You make my heart sing,You make my life ring.You bring sunlight in the sky,You bring colors in the dark.I want to be with you,I want to love you.I want to marry youSo please answer, I do.Work CitedFutral, Ann. Gemini with Libra. (2006) Retrieved August 27, 2007 from

Intellectual Property of Lasik Surgery

The procedure of Lasik surgical procedure is an innovative technique that could provide livelihood lasting changes to individuals afflicted with ophthalmic disorders. Patents continue to develop and new and improved technologies released. In considering and evaluating the intellectual property of Lasik surgery, it is important to look at the procedure from a variety of angles so as to better understand the complexity of the process.Lasik surgery is a privately owned fear. Additionally, private as well as existence owned corporations have the ability to research and investigate new procedures in Lasik Surgery. As a procedure is released, individual practitioners are eligible to practice the business if they have the correct licensures. The procedure of Lasik Surgery is FDA approved, and all patents to further develop and improve upon Lasik surgery procedures must also be approved by the FDA. Furthermore, enchantment the Lasik Surgery business is privately owned, it is still subje ct to the legal regulations of the Federal trade commission.There are countless patents involving Lasik Surgery and its technological improvements. As of Fall 2003, VISK and Summitt were the solo two companies authorized by the FDA to hold Lasik Surgery patents. Recently, the companies of Summitt Technology and VISX were charged with toll fixing and violating the standards of the Federal Trade Commission. As a result of the price scandals reveled by the FTC, patents became released to the patent pool, but were still subject to veto power by VISK and Summitt (Perry, 2003). As a result of the release to the public pool, the competing patents would no long-acting be held by a single entity (FTC.gov, 1998).There are several individual physician that can also hold ophthalmic patents. For example, Dr. Richard Lindstrom, Founding Manager of atomic number 25 Eye Consultants, holds twenty-eight patents involving ophthalmology and improvements in laser procedures (Minnesota Eye Consultant s, 2006).At current time, there is no approval for the development of generic Lasik procedure products. This is due to the sensitive record of the industry, as a generic procedure may cause harm to the patient and may not comply with all FDA regulated standards. One tardily released patent related to Lasik Surgery was patent number 6,951,556. This patent was issued to an individual by the name of Robert L. Epstein, MD. Dr. Epstein is the director of 800-I-CAN-SEE, the Mercy Center for Corrective Eye Surgery in McHenry, Illinois. The release of the patent provides a new way for physicians to correct off-center laser ablations that periodically occur as a result of the Lasik procedure. As a result of the patent, correction of off-center laser ablations can now be incorporated into newer laser correction machines (Epstein, 2005).The Lasik Surgery industry is an evolving and constantly better technology. It is important to understand the intellectual property laws and patent regulati ons so as to determine what the future holds for the industry. It will be interesting to see what changes result from the increase privatization of the Lasik Surgery process.ReferencesEpsetin, Robert (2005). New Patent for Correcting Centering of Lasik survey Treatments. Retrieved October 20, 2006 from http//eye.taragana.net/archive/new-patent-for-correcting-centering-of-lasik-vision-treatments/FTC.gov (1998). FTC Charges Two Firms that Control that Market for Laser Eye Surgery with Price-Fixing Conspiracy. Retrived October 20, 2006 from http//www.ftc.gov/opa/1998/03/eye.htmMinnesota Eye Consultants (2006). Laser Vision Correction. Retrieved October 20, 2006 from http//www.seewithlasik.com/docs/lasik-minneapolis.html.Perry, Martin (2003). Laser Eye Surgery Patent Pool. Retrieved October 20, 2006 from http//72.14.253.104/search?q=cacheqadHX0VPSOQJeconweb.rutgers.edu/perry/389/lectures/PPTB389.F03.PatentPools.doc+number+of+lasik+surgery+patents&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=11.

Game Industry Forecast Shows Solid Growth

The global game industry will generate $60 billion in tax r levelue for 2011, and is growing at 10% annually according to a new research report by industry analyst Colin Sebastian for RW Baird. That exploitation rate should operate general industry revenue hit $80 billion by 2014, but the some areas of the business will remain flat or even decline, while other(a) areas will be growing at an annual rate of 15% to 20%. The growth areas that Sebastian sees are in online and mobile games, impelled primarily by downloadable content (DLC) and mobile games and social games to a lesser extent.These areas will be growing annually at a rate of 15% or more for the next several years, Sebastian believes. Unfortunately, other areas of the game business wont be faring as well. He sees packaged software sales staying flat this year, with the growth in Xbox 360 and PS3 sales being offset by the decline in Wii and hand-held game sales. This quarter will see strong sales with numerous big titl es coming out, but that positive sales picture will only be enough to pull the sales out of the loss menage for the year.The good news for the game business is that its the only media business with a strong positive growth forecast for the next several years. Newspapers, magazines, music, TV and other media businesses are struggling with the transition to a digital distribution model, but the high level of innovation in the game industry has kept the overall picture positive. Thats not to say there are no problems Sebastian sees many video game companies will continue to struggle through this transition. Sebastian sees the mobile merchandise as bringing in $2 billion in revenue this year, with growth continuing due to rapid adoption of smartphones and domiciliations.He cites studies showing that games are the preeminent applications on smartphones, and consumers consumers have been very willing to pay for games or for in-app purchases with freemium hgames, which now represent t he majority of revenues for mobile games. Sebastian believes tablets can be the next great food market for games, given that the form factor is better than a smartphone for playing games. Studies also show that gaming is the number one usage of tablets, with over 70% of tablet owners playing games on the devices.The difficult business climate for traditional game companies means there are fewer clear winners to invest in full now. Sebastian sees GameStop as a good holiday play given the large number of AAA titles coming out this quarter, and beyond that he picks Activision and electronic humanistic discipline as the best performers for long-term investors, followed by Take Two. The nature of the game market is changing in the USA, according to studies cited by Sebastian. He points to the Entertainment computer software Association study showing 72% of US households play games, with the average age of gamers being 37.Additionally, more than half of gamers play on their phones and other handheld game devices, and women now represent 42% of the gamer population. Its a far cry from the traditional our market is teenage boys of all ages that used to be the only demographic for game companies to care about. Sebastian sees hope for the core games segment, in that the broad appeal of casual games may get more people interested in gaming, and last looking for the deeper experiences that console games and PC games can offer. He sees the PC game market doing better in 2012, mostly on the strength of hit releases like Diablo III.Handheld devices, lead by the Nintendo 3DS and the Sony PSP (and soon the PS Vita) will be flat in 2012, with the launch of the PS Vita helping to offset the shift to smartphones, at least(prenominal) for a while. Sebastian believes the PS Vita may be able to take the leading position from the 3DS. Finally, Sebastian sees social games continuing to grow and develop in depth and richness, eventually being able to appeal more to core gamers . Console games will add more social elements, too, and eventually social games outside of Facebook will generate more popular.He sees growth rates surpassing 10% annually for the next 3-5 years. The current leaders are Zynga, with 262 million monthly average users (MAU), followed by Electronic Arts with 203 million MAU. Overall, its a complex portrait of a rapidly growing and changing industry. Clearly there are dangers ahead for many companies as business models are changing, and once-profitable businesses are seeing their audiences depart for other types of gaming. Successful companies will be the ones who stay flexible as conditions continue to change rapidly. Whats your feeling on the future of the game industry?

There are many paradigms on the origins of strategy

There argon many paradigms on the origins of dodging. Critically evaluate the various civilizes of pattern existing in both the normative and emergent schools. Use each of the schools as Lens to analyse nerve known to you.A strategy is a bring upment of in got, defining where an brass wants to be in the long term. It is slightly visualiseing what a only whenes be involved and how to avoid difficulties to help syllabus successful strategies. Strategy was once defined as the art of readying and directing large military movements and the operations of war. However, from an organisation point of view it is about mapping out the caller-outs future and setting out which of its products or run they will tackle to which market bureau and how this will be done.When an organisation has a strategy it enables them to ensure that decisions made on a day-to-day basis suffer in with its long term interests. Strategies are to a fault important as all decisions an organisation mak es today commode build a negative pertain on its future results. A strategy will also help encourage employees, departments etc to work together to achieve common goalsThere are many beliefs on the origins of strategy and many authors have written about this. In 1996, Michael Porter wrote an article that appeared in the Harvard Business Review in which he argued that emulous strategy is was about being polar. He also stated,It means deliberately choosing a different set of activities to deliver a unique mix of honor Porter (1996)Porter believed that strategy was about having a competitive advantage, distinguishing your products and services in the eyes of your customers, and about adding value through a mix of activities different from your competitors.According to Benjamin Tregoe and John Zimmerman of Kepner-Tregoe, Inc defined strategy in their book Top Management Strategy as the framework which guides those choices that determine the nature and wariness of the organisation They believed that an organisation should select products or services to attainer and the market to offer them in.However, Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, and Lampel (1998) brought together elements of existing prescriptive and emergent schools of strategic thought into ten separate schools. The archetypal three schools are conventioned under the heading Prescriptive Schools which consisted of the design, planning and positioning schools. These schools believed in how strategies should be formulated rather than how they unavoidably do form.The next six schools are grouped under the heading emergent schools. These schools consist of the entrepreneurial, cognitive, learning, power, cultural and environ cordial schools. These schools concentrate less with prescribing ideal strategic behaviour, scarcely more with describing how strategies are in fact made.Finally, the final school to be mentioned is the configuration school, which combines the methods and beliefs from all the previous schoo ls mentioned.By describing each school in turn, we can critically evaluating each of these schools, consequently we can then go onto to use each of the schools as a lens to analyse different organisations.The first of the prescriptive schools is the aim school and this approach regards strategy formation as a process of conception, matching the internal state of the organisation to the external state of the surround. The origins of this school can be traced back to two writers Philip Selznick who in 1957 discussed the need to bring organisations internal state with its external opportunity whilst writer Alfred Chandler in (1962) recognised the design schools idea of line of work strategy and its connection to structure.The philosophy of this strategy formation is that it seeks to establish a fit between internal potential and external possibilities. The managing director, Dr Surendra, founded Rasmi electronics in 1974. They have full-grown to be cause one of the macrocosms majo r filter manufacturers as well as being a major supplier of low voltage lighting transformers, postal code lighting etcThe strategy precedes structure in this pillow slip of organisation. Within the bon ton they lock in adopt a hierarchal structure in which all decisions from marketing to production is made by the MD. They continually look for new market opportunities, which are a high priority inwardly the come with, by analysing the global market on a global basis and the strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis is a common tool that is used.However, in 2002, Rasmi Electronics designed a series of filters in which they distributed via a company called OmronYaskawa. They did not successfully analysed their market in Spain and this direct to another rival company producing a similar product. Fortnuatley due to the relationship Rasmi Electronics had with the customer this manage to give the contract. This type of strategy formation places a great impo rtance upon the ability to forecast the future external environment otherwise the strategy will be unsuccessful.According to Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, and Lampel (1998) the advantage of this type of school is that it forces consideration of external factors and will be more appropriate in organisation that needs re-orientation.Around the similar time as the design school, the planning school also originated. The main influence was by a writer H. Igor in his book Corporate Strategy published in 1965. Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, and Lampel (1998) classified this strategy formation as a Formal Process. It follows a precise set of steps from analysis of the situation to the development and geographic expedition of various alternative scenarios.If we examine these principles codaly, we find that the classical theorists were in effect designing the organisation exactly like they were designing a machine (Morgan 1997)This type of strategy is normally developed by a team of specialists who specif ically trained in the science of developing strategies. An exemplar of this was seen in a company called Oldelft. Oldelft is a small high tech company whom operates in a global market. They specialise in products requiring advances knowledge of optics, electronics, electron optics etc. Their products normally have a short product life cycle and competition was both global and fierce.In 1975, the company saw a decline in their spate therefore the executive board at the time pointed towards a cost reduction drive as a urgent step towards retrieving some of its winnings back. However, at the time Oldelft had no adequate staff available that were trained or had the knowledge to do an overhead analysis they therefore heady to repossess a policy advisory council Beleids Advies Radd) (BAR). This was the first of many different groups that Oldelft recruited between 1975 and 1981 all describe to the executive board. The different groups, which were set up saw the process become more im portant than the product and according to Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, and Lampel (1998) this type of process can lead to no place for creativity.Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, and Lampel (1998) advised that it was important that an organisation had a formal strategic planning department deep down the organisation. In 1981, Oldelft saw its first successful strategic planning school come into operation and is was lead by a man called Ab Baas. Ab Bass made it compulsive for managers to contribute towards the planning cycle and by contributing information about the business segments within the organisation and the external factors. In this school of thought, the method in which strategy development occurs is by thorough strategic planning methodologies and scenario analysis.The company compiled a completed situation analysis, which was made up with an analysis of the industry maturity and the weighing up of the business segments competitive positions. Eventually this lead to Oldelft to regain its fo rmer profitability and even saw an increase in R&D expenditure.The final school of the prescriptive is the positioning school in which Mintzberg, Ahlstrand and Lampel state it is the strategy formation as an analytical process. This approach is legitimately much influenced by Michael Porter. His works looks at placing organisations within the context of the industry in which they are. It also looks at how the organisation improves competitively within that industry.In 1995 Easyjet airlines a low fair airline introduced low cost flights within the European market. Haji Ioannou the proprietor of Easyjet believed that by reducing prices will lead to more slew flying. He also believed that positioning is company was concerned with establishing the company in the mind of the customer, in a position relative to other airlines in the marketThe formation of this strategy is a mixture of defensive and offensive moves. Easyjet regularly uses the Guerrilla promotional approach to advertisin g by using distinguishing attacks on the airline establishment and in a serious of PR stunts. The principle is that the structure of industry drives strategic positions, which then drives the structure of an organisation.In the summer, 2002 Easyjet faced its first problem in the fact it was growing to fast within its market. This meant there was a difficulty in recruiting and formulation pilots and flights crew, which influenced the consumers, has believed this would affect the safety on the flights etc. Easyjet admitted that they should have looked at the various elements that depend on each other and how they change over time. By doing a SWOT analysis, this would have given an insight of the internal resources and the main features of the competitive landscape in which it operates.Some of the tools and methods used within this company are Michael Porters generic wine Strategies and the Profit Impact of Market Strategies (PIMS). In addition, according to Mintzberg, Ahlstrand and Lampel (1998) is that the advantage of this school is that it emphasis on the analysis and calculation of the previous mentioned tools can be very strong support to the process of developing the strategy however it should not become the process.The fourth school Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, and Lampel go onto to discuss is the Entrepreneurial School in which is the first of the group under the Emergent Schools. This approach regards strategy formation as a visionary process, taking place within the mind of the charismatic bump or leader of an organisation. An organisation that forms strategy as a visionary process, is the company called Fortnum and Mason. Fortnum and mason is an established food hall for over 300 eld and is family owned. The chairperson is currently Jana Khayat whom took over after her father who stepped down in 2000.To choose direction, a leader essential first have developed a mental image of a possible and desirable future state of the transcription (De Wit, 1998)Th e company is now in the process of going international and are intending to open their first shop in Tokyo later on this year. However, going international has cost the company a drop in net income of 40% due to their reshuffling of their distribution channels to make going international possible.Mintzberg, Ashland and Lampel (1998) advise that this school of thought does not really use any tools or methods for strategy development as it is normally in the mind of the visionary. Even though going international is a big risk for the company, they do feel however, the vision, which has been imposed from many generations of the Khayat family, is what will get them through this. Jana Khayat feels strongly about her vision and brand, which she has printed in her new book.She stated in a juvenile interview with the Sunday TimesIts a mission of intent where we should be. It is very easy for a store like Fortnum and Mason to become a potpourri of itself (Khayat, 2004)The advantage of thi s school of thought is that it does acknowledge the tremendous input that a visionary genius can make to the organisation. However, problems can occur, as other employees of the organisation will not have an visualiseing on how the vision is created as this is normally done in the mind of the leader. There is also no real ability for the organisation to carry on after the visionary has left the company.The next of the emergent schools is the Cognitive School which strategy formation is seen as a mental process. The viewpoint of this school of thought is that strategy development is an act of cognition. It is about understanding how the mind works and processes information is the cardinal to understanding strategy development.Cambridge broadband started in 2000 as a group of experienced individuals with a collective aim to deliver the worlds leading broadband fixed wireless access system. The group consists of the best railway locomotiveers, academics, and commercial management in the industry. Cambridge broadband attracts these people, as they believe that it is an ideal environment to explore their diverse and highly developed talents. The collegiate aura brings an informality that encourages creativity, According to Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, and Lampel (1998) this strategy formation is a cognitive process that progress tos place in the mind of the strategist.The CEO, Peter Wharton believes that Cambridge Broadband will become world leader in their industry by using the knowledge and expertise of its team to provide up to date technology and to increase its customer base. some(prenominal) of the ideas they have come up with have been from using tools such as cognition maps, frames, and Schemata, which are terms used about the mental representation of events and situations. They are data structures for representing both generic and specific concepts about the outside world.The advantage of this school is that is shows great promise even though the school of thought is that it is still relatively underdeveloped. However, the focus to date has been upon strategy formulation as an individual rather than a collective process, which can be more difficult to understand and manage.The learning school is the sixth school Mintzberg, Ahlstrand and Lampel go on to discuss. This school of thought regards strategy formation as an emergent process, where the management of the organisation pays close attention to what works and doesnt work over a period of time, and includes these lessons learned into their overall plan of action..most organisations seem to have severe learning disabilities most fall out before the age of forty (Morgan, 1997)The Kao Corporation is a company, which has a strong learning culture. Dr Yoshio Maruta president of Kao Corporation believed that an organisation is not only learned but also learned how to learn.He statedAn educational institution in which everyone is a potential teacher (Dr Maruta, 1990)He believed that the s uccess to his company at the end of the mid-eighties what the ability to integrate and enhance their effective marketing and information systems through learning. This resulted in them producing new products ahead of their Japanese and foreign companies becoming the largest branded and incase group in Japan by 1990.Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, and Lampel (1998) argued that the paradigm is that strategy in an organisation emerges because of trial and error from learning within the organisation. This was evident when Kao operation decided to become international. They were potentially a evidential competitor therefore, decided that product division developed its own strategy for international expansion. However, the companys business portfolio and strategic bag varied from market to marketIt is important that the organisation is familiar in that the strategy must be consonant with the patterns of behaviour and responses that are inbuilt within the organisation. In addition, it is importa nt to be aware that strategy changes and evolves over time. There is however a danger that a lose of urgency or a lack of discipline may predominate and nothing significantly changes within the organisation. Hence, the decision to become international was not successful.Kao operation blamed this on the lack of international experience, fewer human resources assets, especially in top management and had far less accumulated international knowledge than their western competitors had. The have since invested into 10 day training schemes which all managers need to attend to develop a broader and international outlook and advised they did not have enough talented people especially at management level .The next school to be discussed is the Power School which this school of thought regards strategy formation as a process of negotiation. The development of this strategy is the process of negotiation between the power holders of an organisation or sometimes it can be between the organisati on and the stakeholders. An example of this strategy formation can be seen within the University of Durham, in which negotiations take place within the micro power elements such as the individuals and groups within the organisation and negotiation is often done by political analysis and collective bargaining. This commonly seen within the University when negotiations about pay rise, policies etc are done with the trade uniting representatives.The interdependence the University of Durham has with its external environment is called Macro power, which is when negotiations take place with the stakeholders etc. The university as part of their mission and strategy is to serve the international, national, and regional communities by understanding and engaging with the needs of its stakeholders.Power is clearly a building block in the development of strategy within this school of thought. This type of strategy would benefit large or mature organisations where power structures are well esta blished. However, there is a tendency for organisation who adopts this type of strategy to have a narrow view in that all strategies are about power struggle or as a power exchange.The eighth school to be discussed by Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, and Lampel, is the Cultural School this approach look at strategy formation as a collective process, which involves different groups and departments within an organisation. The reflection of the strategy, which is developed, is of the corporeal culture of the organisation. The origin of culture was discovered by management in the 1980s, coming over from Japan.is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes ine group or syndicate of people from another (De Wit, 1998)A company with a strong culture is Argos, which is one of the UKs largest non-food retail chains, with annual sales exceeding 3bn. After the takeover, Terry Duddy became Managing managing director with the challenge of improving the firms performance. He has done this b y strengthening the brand, the quality of customer service, and the corporate cultureThe development of this strategy is the process of social relations, which take place within the beliefs and understandings shared by the employees of an organisation. He stated that it was challenging yet essential that the organisation reflected its strategy and focus on the customer. A key element of the new approach has been the corporate culture at Argos and the building of an environment, which is normative and cohesive.The commitment of Argos employees to these values seems extremely high in its 2003 Speak Out employee critique the company found that among its employees 82% believe the company wants to beat its competitors whilst 74% believe strong teamwork is a major contributor to the Argos performance. The concepts for this strategy development come from the values, beliefs, and corporate culture etc within the organisation.The organisation needs to be aware that the corporate culture how ever vague and ill defined, is a very significant variable that can affect the culture of the organisation. However, this school of thought does tend to favour the consistency and continuation of the existing culture within the organisation and this may discourage necessary change.Argos also continues to work at building what it calls its employer brand a clear set of values representing the attitudes and beliefs of its employees. In 2003, after consultations with staff, these values were stated as change makes us better and more successfulThe Environmental School is the ninth school and here strategy formation is seen to be a unstable process. The organisation needs to respond to the forces of its environment otherwise it may be become extinct. A company who are well known in responding to their environment are the company Rolls-Royce, which was first, established in 1984 and is now operating within four global markets. The success of the company is due to the rapid and substanti al gains in the market share. They believe they have built a strong business by growing organically and through successful acquisitions.In the beginning of 2003, the aero engine division of Rolls-Royce introduced Grid computing to help reduce airline flight delays and achieve cuts in the cost of engine Maintaince.Due to a successful university research pop the question on Grid Computing it has now became a major part of Rolls Royces future I.T. Strategy. According to Mintzberg, Ahlstrand and Lampel (19998) traditionally the contingency theory was used within this school of thought however more recently organisations have ended up in clusters within distinct ecological type niches, in which they tend to remain until they asphyxiate out.Similar to the positioning school the environment school is aware of the importance of environment as context, although it does recognise that the death of the business entities or indeed the whole industry is a natural or even expected fact.Rolls- Royce believes that the knowledge they will learn from the research into Grid Computing will enable then to understand a utility-based computing systems and how they can make money from it. However, the definition of the environment is often so complex that companies like Rolls-Royce will find it difficult to usefully analysis. In addition, it accords too much control to the environment therefore two different organisations that are competing within the same industry can have vastly different strategies.The final school Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, and Lampel discuss is the configuration school, which is often seen as the school, which unites all of the previous mentioned schools together. This strategy formation is seen as a process of transforming the organization from one state of decision-making structure into another. Mintzberg, Ahlstrand and Lampel (1998) stated the key to this strategy if for the organisation to recognise the need for the transformation, however to be able to do th is without damaging the organisation.In 1992, Serge Kampf executive chairperson of Cap Gemini Sogeti (cgs system) decided for the company to continue to compete successfully it was important that CGS and the large number of acquired firms should be moulded into a coherent transnational company.Some of the problems CGS would face were the creation of a new organisational structure into a dual organisation, improving service to clients and reduce reporting levels. Serge Kampf believed that all parts of the company needed to work the same way to function as a transnational organisation. This would inevitable force major changes within the organisation.Between 1992 and 1993 even though changes were being made CGS saw there worse year in 1992 when competition mauled the company and they had to lay off 600 employees for the first time in 25 years. This is when 81 managers throughout the organisation made a decision to launch a full-scale transformation of the good company.The team of 81 managers were responsible for transforming working habits and implement new tools such as the sales funnel throughout the organisation. They also launched a 7-axis development plan to help restore CGS profitability. These changes was not appreciated by the competitors and shareholders as the process of transformation of an organisation with 20,000 employees would not be done short term.However, CGS did succeed it the transformational of their company, as they have succeeded in remaining profitable in 2003 in what was an extremely difficult market, implementing restructuring measures, which significantly reduced operating costs and wide-awake it to enter 2004 in the best possible condition.Since 1965, the amount of publication and attention within strategic management has varied within the different schools mentioned above. Mintzberg, Ahlstrand, and Lampel (1998) illustrated how the schools take their place around and within the formation of strategy. In each of the schools of thoug ht that have mentioned, the process of strategy formulation is regarded as something of a Black Box. However, the cognitive school did come close.None clearly describes how an individual or an organisation is able to leap from the collection and analysis of information to the conceptualisation of alternative courses of action. However, overall by looking at the schools together you can see why an organisation may favour one school from another. Overall, each of the schools offers some useful concepts, and some strong points to aid understanding, but has its disadvantages as well.Strategy formation is judgemental designing, intuitive visioning, and emergent learning it is about transformation well as perpetuation it must involve individual cognition and social interaction, cooperation as well as conflict it has to include analyzing before and programming after as well as negotiating during and all of this must be in response to what can be a demanding environment (Mintzberg, Ahlstran d and Lampel, 1998)

Behavioral assessments and personal behavior preferences Essay

In an economic environment, which becoming more challenging and competitive, businesses must look for ways of having the edge. In any organization, the workers are the close to essential resource if they fail to deliver, so the mission of the whole organization is compromised. That is why the human resource department of any organization has a tiny role to play and must usance an elaborate method that ensures only the best candidates are selected to take on various responsibilities deep down the organization.One of the techniques employ is behavioural assessment, which I think is a very effective strategy for developing an effective and efficient workforce. Benefits of behavioral assessment in hiring By conducting a behavioral assessment, the hiring officials can determine the personality and work ethics of a potential employee (Eiseman, 2008). They will also be able to determine if the applicants habits coincide with the requirements of the job description and if these persona l traits augur well for the accomplishment of the organizations goals (Eiseman, 2008).There is a need to ensure that any leased employee will not clash with other employees as a result of personality differences as these occurrences take up a lot of organization date, time that could be used to deliver results (Warden, 2006). Secondly, behavioral assessment helps determine which position within an organization a candidate is best suited for (Norris, 2009). For example, an applicant vying for an mightiness operations position can exhibit excellent leadership and interpersonal skills.The hiring official can therefore inquire if he or she would be provoke in leading a sales team or being in charge of customer relations. The third reason why I bind behavioral assessment in the hiring process is that it uncovers personal information that is necessary to determine how coachable the candidate is, how flexible his or her timetable is going to be, his or her anticipated train of engage ment and dedication and how tolerant he or she is to sudden changes in working routine or a change in responsibilities (Eiseman, 2008).These qualities can then be weighed against those of other candidates to determine who is best suited to be awarded the opportunity. Personal behavior preference and effective communication Behavioral assessment is not a guideline for hiring but a tool. Behavioral characteristics are directly related to an individuals personality and personality in turn directly manifests itself in how well an individual relates to the people he or she comes into contact with in the process of executing his daily professional and personal duties (Schuler & Briscoe, 2004).Therefore, if an employer has cues about an employees behavioral preferences, he or she will know how best to approach the employee and how to interact with him or her maculation causing minimum friction. This augurs well for a harmonious coexistence within a common working environment. The communic ation between the two parties is bound to be more effective if the behavioral traits and personal preferences have been determined originally they entered into a contractual agreement. In return, effective communication contributes greatly to efficiency and productivity (Schuler & Briscoe, 2004).ConclusionOver the last several years, behavioral assessment has aim a widely used tool in human resource management. In fact, 90 percent of Fortune 500 companies employ this tool while hiring new employees (Warden, 2006). Its widespread use is attributable to the fact that the information it yields is invaluable in predicting workplace behavior, individual potential of each worker and communication strategies to use (Norris, 2009). These insights are very essential in the formulation of team and leadership building, capacity development, conflict resolution and succession strategies for the entire organization.

Global Perspective

However, we did not jump right into the semester with enthusiasm and excitement. Our first actors line was on photography, although I am very interested in photography, this chitchat was tedious. To see the slides that Stephen Puppeteers was presenting the lights had to be shut off, which made it very easy to doze off or have your mind be someplace else. Despite the dark lecture dormitory and the dullness of Mr.. Pettifoggers voice, his photographs were incredible.His photographs ranged from beautiful breathtaking landscapes to people from developing countries with health robbers and lost limbs. The variety of his photos Is re wholey what lured me In. I was fascinated. I had no Idea what I would be study and experiencing throughout this semester when I signed up for this course. Even after I had had this first lecture and had go to my first discussion I still did not fully understand. As I wrote my first assignment, I babbled on and talked mostly rough my past with medicati on, still believing this course would be all about music.Little did I know, I was all wrong. I attended ACH lecture and finally began to catch on that I would be learning something new and enjoy able every Wednesday. Each lecture after photography got more than intriguing and interactive with the audience. This course by far had the most entertaining lectures, bringing students on stratum to dance and act. But even after all of these lectures I was not prepared for the final lecture. This authorise performance was unbelievable. It had me with goose bumps up and down my arms and legs.I could feel the beat of the drums through my whole torso ND I automatically and unconsciously began swaying and tapping along to the beat. They immediately began pulling students from all over the lecture hall onto the stage and put some sort of instrument in their hand. Despite the fact that these students had never played such instruments they quickly picked up on them and joined in on the organiz ed beat. Although this music was made up as It went along, and there were no written notes, it was still steeply organized.The students knew they could not unspoilt play along to any beat they desired. There were still rules they had to abide by. As the stage keep on with their instruments, the audience was then engaged within the music with singing, clapping, dancing, and stomping. It was unreal. We all consolidated to actually straighten up our own beautiful music. Was amazed. The instructors some how managed to get every single person In that lecture hall participating In our freshly composed music. And from what I could see everyone seemed to be enjoying It Just as more as I was.It was a wonderful performance. It as by far the best performance all semester, as my teaching assistant informed us it woo a De. I am lucky to nave Eden addle to experience sun an event. Entering this course I did not have high expectations, it was only filling general education credits for me. Ho wever, now that I have successfully consummate this course it was certainly so ofttimes more. I am fortunate enough to have been able to take such a class that bestowed me with such in depth introductions to various forms of arts, from photography, theater, Jazz, classical, dance, and so much more.

Foundation and Empire 9. On Trantor

The stars were as thick as weeds in an unkempt field, and for the offshoot time, Lathan Devers found the figures to the right of the decimal point of prime importance in calculating the cuts through the hyper-regions. thither was a claustrophobic sensation about the necessity for leaps of not more than a light-year. there was a frightening harshness about a sky which glittered un mixed-uply in every direction. It was being lost in a sea of radiation.And in the center of an spread out cluster of ten thousand stars, whose light tear to shreds the recompensebly encircling darkness, there circled the huge Imperial planet, Trantor. precisely it was more than a planet it was the biography pulse beat of an pudding st 1 of twenty zillion s ratear systems. It had only unrivalled, function, administration one purpose, political sympathies and one manufactured product, law.The entire world was one functional distortion. There was no living bearing on its surface hut man, his pets, an d his parasites. No blade of grass or frag ment of uncovered filth could be found distant the hundred square miles of the Imperial Palace. No fresh water outside the Palace grounds existed nevertheless in the vast netherground cisterns that held the water supply of a world.The lustrous, indestructible, firm metal that was the unbroken surface of the planet was the foundation of the huge, metal structures that mazed the planet. They were structures connected by causeways twist by corridors cubbyholed by offices basemented by the huge retail centers that covered square miles penthoused by the glittering enjoyment world that sparkled into life each night.One could walk around the world of Trantor and never leave that one conglomerate building, nor look at the city.A fleet of transfers greater in number than all the war fleets the Empire had ever supported landed their cargoes on Trantor each day to feed the forty billions of humans who gave null in exchange but the fulfillment of the necessity of untangling the myriads of threads that spiraled into the central administration of the or so complex government Humanity had ever hunch forwardn.Twenty agricultural worlds were the granary of Trantor. A universe was its servant.tightly held by the huge metal arms on either side, the quite a little ship was gently let d make down the huge ramp that led to the hangar. Already Devers had fumed his way through the manifold complications of a world conceived in paper work and dedicated to the principle of the form-in-quadruplicate.There had been the preliminary halt in space, where the first of what had grown into a hundred scruplenaires had been alter out. There were the hundred cross-examinations, the routine administration of a simple Probe, the photographing of the ship, the Characteristic-Analysis of the two men, and the subsequent recording of the same, the search for contraband, the payment of the entry tax and finally the question of the identity cards and visitors visa.Ducem Barr was a Siwennian and subject of the Emperor, but Lathan Devers was an un make don without the requisite documents. The semiofficial in upsurge at the moment was devastated with sorrow, but Devers could not enter. In fact, he would involve to be held for official investigation.From somewhere a hundred credits in crisp, new bills backed by the estates of Lord Brodrig made their appearance, and changed bands quietly. The official hemmed importantly and the devastation of his sorrow was assuaged. A new form made its appearance from the appropriate pigeonhole. It was filled out rapidly and efficiently, with the Devers characteristic thereto formally and properly attached.The two men, trader and patrician, entered Siwenna.In the hangar, the trade ship was another vessel to be cached, photographed, recorded, contents noted, identity cards of passengers facsimiled, and for which a suitable fee was paid, recorded, and receipted.And then Devers was on a huge te rrace under the bright white sun, along which women chattered, children shrieked, and men sipped drinks languidly and listened to the huge televisors blaring out the word of the Empire.Barr paid a requisite number of iridium coins and appropriated the uppermost member of a pile of intelligence operationpapers. It was the Trantor Imperial News, official organ of the government. In the back of the news room, there was the soft clicking noise of additional editions being printed in long-distance sympathy with the busy machines at the Imperial News offices ten thousand miles away by corridor six thousand by air-machine retributive as ten million sets of copies were being likewise printed at that moment in ten million other news rooms all over the planet.Barr glanced at the headlines and state softly, What shall we do first?Devers try to shake himself out of his depression. He was in a universe far re locomote from his own, on a world that weighted him down with its intricacy, amon g people whose doings were incomprehensible and whose language was nearly so. The gleaming all-metal towers that surrounded him and continued onwards in never-ending multiplicity to beyond the horizon oppressed him the unit busy, unheeding life of a world-metropolis cast him into the horrible gloom of isolation and pygmyish unimportance.He said, I go leave it to you, doc.Barr was calm, low-voice. I tried to tell you, but its hard to believe without supposeing for yourself, I know that. Do you know how many people want to see the Emperor every day? closely one million. Do you know how many he sees? About ten. Well have to work through the polite service, and that makes it harder. But we cant afford the aristocracy.We have almost one hundred thousand.A single Peer of the neighborhood would cost us that, and it would relegate at least three or four to form an adequate bridge to the Emperor. It may dribble fifty chief commissioners and senior supervisors to do the same, but the y would cost us only a hundred apiece perhaps. Ill do the talking. In the first place, they wouldnt under radix your accent, and in the second, you dont know the etiquette of Imperial bribery. Its an art, I assure you. AhThe third page of the Imperial News had what he wanted and he passed the paper to Devers.Devers read slowly. The vocabulary was strange, but he understood. He looked up, and his eyes were dark with concern. He slapped the news sheet angrily with the back of his hand. You think this can be trusted?Within limits, replied Barr, calmly. Its highly marvelous that the Foundation fleet was wiped out. Theyve probably reported that several times already, if theyve gone by the usual war-reporting technique of a world capital far from the actual scene of fighting. What it means, though, is that Riose has won another battle, which would be none-too-unexpected. It says hes captured Loris. Is that the capital planet of the Kingdom of Loris?Yes, brooded Devers, or of what used t o be the Kingdom of Loris. And its not twenty parsecs from the Foundation. Doc, weve got to work fast.Barr shrugged, You cant go fast on Trantor. If you try, youll end up at the point of an atom-blaster, most likely.How long will it shrink?A month, if were lucky. A month, and our hundred thousand credits if even that will suffice. And that is providing the Emperor does not take it into his head in the meantime to travel to the Summer Planets, where he sees no petitioners at all.But the Foundation--Will take care of itself, as heretofore. Come, theres the question of dinner. Im hungry. And afterwards, the evening is ours and we may as well use it. We shall never see Trantor or any world like it again, you know.The Home Commissioner of the Outer Provinces spread his pudgy hands impotently and peered at the petitioners with owlish nearsightedness. But the Emperor is indisposed, gentlemen. It is really useless to take the matter to my superior. His Imperial majesty has seen no one i n a week.He will see us, said Barr, with an affectation of confidence. It is but a question of seeing a member of the staff of the Privy Secretary.Impossible, said the commissioner emphatically. It would be the value of my job to attempt that. Now if you could but be more explicit concerning the nature of your business. Im willing to champion you, understand, but naturally I want something less vague, something I can present to my superior as reason for taking the matter further.If my business were such that it could be told to any but the highest, suggested Barr, smoothly, it would scarcely be important decorous to rate audience with His Imperial Majesty. I propose that you take a chance. I might remind you that if His Imperial Majesty attaches the importance to our business which we guarantee that he will, you will stand certain to receive the honors you will deserve for helping us now.Yes, but- and the commissioner shrugged, wordlessly.Its a chance, agreed Barr. Naturally, a gamble should have its compensation. It is a rather great favor to ask you, but we have already been greatly obliged with your kindness in offering us this opportunity to explain our problem. But if you would allow us to express our gratitude just slightly by-Devers scowled. He had heard this speech with its slight variations twenty times in the past month. It ended, as always, in a quick shift of the half-hidden bills. But the epilogue differed here. Usually the bills vanished nowadays here they remained in plain view, while slowly the commissioner counted them, inspecting them front and back as he did so.There was a subtle change in his voice. Backed by the Privy Secretary, hey? Good moneyTo depict back to the subject- urged Barr.No, but wait, interrupted the commissioner, let us go back by easy stages. I really do wish to know what your business can be. This money, it is fresh and new, and you must have a good deal, for it strikes me that you have seen other officials before me . Come, now, what about it?Barr said, I dont see what you are driving at.Why, see here, it might be proven that you are upon the planet illegally, since the Identification and Entry Cards of your silent comrade are certainly inadequate. He is not a subject of the Emperor.I deny that.It doesnt matter that you do, said the commissioner, with sudden bluntness. The official who signed his Cards for the sum of a hundred credits has confessed under embrace and we know more of you than you think.If you are hinting, sir, that the sum we have asked you to accept is inadequate in view of the risks-The commissioner smiled. On the contrary, it is more than adequate. He tossed the bills aside. To return to what I was saying, it is the Emperor himself who has become interested in your case. Is it not true, sirs, that you have recently been guests of General Riose? Is it not true that you have escaped from the midst of his army with, to put it mildly, astounding ease? Is it not true that you possess a small fortune in bills backed by Lord Brodrigs estates? In short, is it not true that you are a pair of spies and assassins sent here to Well, you shall tell us yourself who paid you and for whatDo you know, said Barr, with silky anger, I deny the right of a petite commissioner to accuse us of crimes. We will leave.You will not leave. The commissioner arose, and his eyes no longer seemed near-sighted. You need resolvent no question now that will be reserved for a afterward and more impetuous time. Nor am I a commissioner I am a Lieutenant of the Imperial Police. You are under arrest.There was a glitteringly efficient blast-gun in his fist as he smiled. There are greater men than you under arrest this day. It is a hornets nest we are cleaning up.Devers snarled and reached slowly for his own gun. The lieutenant of police smiled more broadly and squeezed the contacts. The blasting line of force struck Devers chest in an accurate blaze of destruction that bounced harml essly off his personal shield in sparkling spicules of light.Devers duck soup in turn, and the lieutenants head fell from off an upper torso that had disappeared. It was still smiling as it arrange in the jag of sunshine which entered through the new-made hole in the wall.It was through the back overhear that they left.Devers said huskily, Quickly to the ship. Theyll have the alarm out in no time. He cursed in a ferocious whisper. Its another plan thats backfired. I could swear the space fiend himself is against me.It was in the open that they became aware of the jabbering crowds that surrounded the huge televisors. They had no time to wait the disconnected roaring wrangle that reached them, they disregarded. But Barr snatched a copy of the Imperial News before diving into the huge barn of the hangar, where the ship lifted hastily through a giant cavity burnt fiercely into the roof.Can you carry away from them? asked Barr.Ten ships of the traffic-police wildly followed the runaw ay craft that had burst out of the lawful, radio-beamed Path of Leaving, and then broken every speed law in creation. Further behind still, sleek vessels of the Secret Service were lifting in pursuit of a carefully described ship manned by two thoroughly identify murderers.Watch me, said Devers, and savagely shifted into hyperspace two thousand miles above the surface of Trantor. The shift, so near a planetary mass, meant unconsciousness for Barr and a fearful haze of pain for Devers, but light-years further, space above them was clear.Devers dusky pride in his ship burst to the surface. He said, Theres not an Imperial ship that could follow me anywhere.And then, bitterly, But there is nowhere left to run to for us, and we cant fight their weight. Whats there to do? What can anyone do?Barr moved feebly on his cot. The effect of the hypershift had not yet worn off, and each of his muscles ached. He said, No one has to do anything. Its all over. HereHe passed the copy of the Imperial News that he still clutched, and the headlines were enough for the trader.Recalled and arrested Riose and Brodrig, Devers muttered. He stared blankly at Barr. Why?The story doesnt say, but what does it matter? The war with the Foundation is over, and at this moment, Siwenna is revolting. Read the story and see. His voice was drifting off. Well stop in some of the provinces and find out the later details. If you dont mind, Ill go to sleep now.And he did.In grasshopper jumps of increasing magnitude, the trade ship was spanning the Galaxy in its return to the Foundation.